Friday, October 28, 2016

Megyn Kelly versus Newt Gingrich

Amici, Americani et Compatriotae,

The American Catholic blog has an excellent post entitled, "October 25, 2016: Newt Gingrich v. Megyn Kelly." Here is the video of the dust-up between a liberal progressive feminist and a former Speaker of the House of Representatives:



I shall be honest. I do not like Megyn Helly. She epitomizes everything that's wrong with the feminist movement. She cries against the objectification of women, yet she has had photos like those depicted below taken of her.

Megyn Kelly In GQ: Fox News Anchor’s Revealing Spread (PHOTO)

Here is the problem with the feminism of women (and emasculated men) like Megyn Kelly. It says women and men are equal in function instead of dignity, and suggests that women may have sex just like a man without worrying about having a baby (just use contraception or abort the baby if contraception fails). It is the opposite of the nobility and virtue of true femininity because it degrades and debases all that is august and honorable in authentic womanhood. Look at those photos. Look at the kind of woman Megyn Kelly has portrayed herself as. Even the finest whores of ancient Rome and Athens would be green with envy to be regarded as such. The old saying that people who live in glass houses should not cast stones comes to mind. Let Megyn Kelly know that by her own willful photos she fully merits Donald Trump's and Bill Clinton's objectification of woman. And she claims to be a life-long devout Catholic. I wonder what the great women saints of the Church - Faustina, Mother Therese, Catherine of Siene, Joan of Arc, etc. - would say.


Criterium Generale Destinationis Viginti et Septem

Amici, Americani, Compatriotae,

Before proceeding forwarded, I encourage the reader to view the following short videos on NuScale Power's design for a small modular reactor (SMR) so that you may have a foundation on which to build an understanding of what will be discussed in this blog entry:



I dislike criticizing those trying hard to provide the next generation of passively safe nuclear power plants, and this blog post should NOT be misconstrued as such. Efforts by Westinghouse with its AP1000, Areva with its EPR, GE-Hiatchi with its ABWR, ESBWR and PRISM, KEPCO with its APR1400, Mitsubishi with its APWR and of course NuScale with its SMR are being made:

  • In a hostile regulatory environment
  • Against the concerted opposition of anti-nuclear eco-wackism, and
  • In the midst of a scientifically illiterate populace for whose benefit such power generation is being designed and developed.

Furthermore, of all the forms of electrical power generation, nuclear energy has the LOWEST mortality rate. See Next Big Energy Future: Update of Death per Terawatt Hour by Energy Source. But nevertheless, we have to look at the facts dispassionately regardless of our prejudices.

Rod Adams of Atomic Insights has written an article at Forbes Magazine entitled NuScale Readiness For Design Certification Submission.

ASIDE: Having openly advocated for gargantuan government programs like Obamacare, Adams in his article now decries the excessive regulation of government, at least when it comes to his pet cause, nuclear energy. He rightly complains about the monumental cost of reviewing an applicant's documentation regarding nuclear safety. He correctly points out "...the way that the monopoly provider of regulatory services in the United States functions," but ironically has no difficulty with government monopolization of health care. Perhaps Adams ought to concern himself with the nuclear safety issues at hand. END ASIDE

Here is the US NRC's Summary of Observations Related to a Staff Preapplication Readiness Assessment of a Potential NuScale Power, LLC Design Certification Application. One of the issues mentioned in this letter is this:

There was insufficient technical information regarding Appendix A, ‘General Design Criteria (GDC),” to 10 CFR Part 50, GDC 27, “Combined reactivity control systems capability.” There were multiple statements regarding the ability of the design to achieve and maintain safe shutdown in various sections of the draft DCA that conflicted with Section 15.0.4, “Evaluation of a Return to Power.” Additionally, Section 4.3.1.5 of the draft DCA described two differing analytical assumptions: one involving achieving initial shutdown with the highest worth control rod assembly (CRA) assumed to be stuck out of the core, and the other involving maintaining long-term shutdown through insertion of all CRAs and a postulated return to power.

GDC 27 in Appendix A of 10 CFR 50 states:

Criterion 27—Combined reactivity control systems capability. The reactivity control systems shall be designed to have a combined capability, in conjunction with poison addition by the emergency core cooling system, of reliably controlling reactivity changes to assure that under postulated accident conditions and with appropriate margin for stuck rods the capability to cool the core is maintained.

Concerning this the US NRC had issued a previously letter entitled: Response to NuScale Gap Analysis Summary Report for Reactor Systems Reactivity Control Systems, Addressing Gap 11, General Design Criterion 27 (PROJ 0769). This letter states in part:

...The NRC staff understands that in some cases NuScale believes that regulations are not applicable to NuScale based on the design as described in the Report. In addition, other NRC regulations by their terms may or may not apply to the NuScale design. For example, a regulation that applies only to boiling water reactors would not apply to the NuScale design, which is a pressurized water reactor. In general, a regulation that requires, for example, a certain function or design attribute will apply to the NuScale design. The mere fact that the NuScale design employs a novel means to perform a required function or include a required design attribute does not necessarily trigger a need for an exemption, nor is the novel means for compliance a reason why the regulation would not apply....

...Based on the staff’s current understanding of the NuScale design, the NuScale design would not appear to meet the GDC 27 requirement of “reliably controlling reactivity changes to assure that under postulated accident conditions, and with appropriate margin for stuck rods, the capability to cool the core is maintained.” The staff acknowledges that currently licensed pressurized water reactors (PWR) would not remain subcritical in the short term (i.e., within about the first few minutes of accident initiation) for some accident scenarios (e.g., main steam line break). Nonetheless, beyond the short term, all PWRs remain subcritical indefinitely, and the NRC has not licensed a power reactor that did not remain subcritical beyond the short term following an accident through the use of safety related structures, systems and components (SSC). GDC 27 allows credit for boron addition from the ECCS, and PWRs maintain subcriticality indefinitely beyond the short term by taking credit for such boron addition. In regard to system safety class, the reactivity control systems function together with the heat removal systems to perform the functions described in the 10 CFR 50.2 definition of safety-related SSCs and, therefore, those reactivity control and cooling systems are safety related....

...In view of the foregoing, the staff’s current view is that GDC 27 requires that the reactor be reliably controlled and that the reactor achieve and maintain a safe, stable condition, including subcriticality beyond the short term, using only safety related equipment following a postulated accident with margin for stuck rods. Both current, approved PWRs, using safety related control rods and safety-related soluble boron addition, and boiling water reactors (BWR), using safety related control rods, reliably control reactivity and achieve a safe, stable condition with appropriate margin for stuck rods....

...Because the currently available information indicates that the NuScale design does not ensure that the reactor would remain subcritical beyond the short term, it would appear that NuScale would need to request an exemption from GDC 27, with respect to re-criticality. The staff has also concluded that consideration of such an exemption entails policy issues under the purview of the Commission and that such an exemption would warrant Commission consideration and direction prior to the staff supporting the exemption. The staff will proceed and engage the Commission on the policy issues; however, the staff does not believe these policy issues will likely be resolved prior to the anticipated submittal date for the application....

The definition of safety related system structure or component is given in 10 CFR 50.2:

Safety-related structures, systems and components means those structures, systems and components that are relied upon to remain functional during and following design basis events to assure:
(1) The integrity of the reactor coolant pressure boundary
(2) The capability to shut down the reactor and maintain it in a safe shutdown condition; or
(3) The capability to prevent or mitigate the consequences of accidents which could result in potential offsite exposures comparable to the applicable guideline exposures set forth in § 50.34(a)(1) or § 100.11 of this chapter, as applicable.

We all wish NuScale well in its endeavors to license a passively safe small modular reactor. Yes, the NuScale design is practically sailor-proof. It is an integral reactor vessel within which are the steam generators and pressurizer, and that vessel is within an evacuated containment vessel, which in turn is placed in a massive pool of borated water. If anything really bad happens, then eventually the core will be doused with borated water from this huge pool. The water will keep the core cool and the boron will shut it down and keep it shut down. However, NuScale is going to have reconcile all these things about GDC 27 to the NRC's satisfaction. Regardless that the regulatory atmosphere is hostile, the NRC holds the keys of getting this new design licensed. Smarter minds than what is at the NRC will therefore have to justify to the NRC why for a very unlikely scenario it is acceptable to allow re-criticality after a hypothetical event however improbable it may be, and however transitory that re-criticality may be since boron from that huge pool will eventually result in complete shutdown. Nuclear regulation is NOT subject to a democratic vote, and the United States is NOT a Democracy (two wolves and one sheep voting on what's for dinner), but a Republic where rule of Law is sacrosanct. Law and its subsidiary regulation are designed to protect public health and safety, and to provide for the common defense. If law or regulation fail to do that, then the right solution is NOT defiance (i.e., I get to interpret the regulation as I see fit), but change from within and through the system. And if I can't explain why my idea is safer than the Regulator's idea, then maybe it isn't safer after all. Humility - right thinking about one's self and one's place - is the touchstone of all the other virtues.

Sunday, October 23, 2016

Nullum Conloquium cum Hodierna Humanitate Saeculare

13th Century Painting
Virgin Mary Punching Satan
Amici, Americani et Compatriotae,

Father Zuhlsdorf at his blog has written an entry entitled:

Archbp. Chaput: a smaller Church of fewer believers rather than compromise orthodoxy.

In this entry is referenced two other rticles:

Philly’s Chaput welcomes idea of smaller, holier Church
Transcript: Chaput's remarks at Notre Dame University

These articles may be summarized as follows: No dialog with today's secular culture. The Blessed Virgin Mary does not dialog with Satan, for Genesis 3:15 states:

I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; she shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.

Virgin Mary
Crushing the Serpent's Head
And Revelation 11;19 through 12:5 states:

Then God’s temple in heaven was opened, and the ark of his covenant was seen within his temple; and there were flashes of lightning, loud noises, peals of thunder, an earthquake, and heavy hail. And a great portent appeared in heaven, a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars; she was with child and she cried out in her pangs of birth, in anguish for delivery. And another portent appeared in heaven; behold, a great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns, and seven diadems upon his heads. His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven, and cast them to the earth. And the dragon stood before the woman who was about to bear a child, that he might devour her child when she brought it forth; she brought forth a male child, one who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron...

The Church has weathered the storm of pagan Roman Emperors, barbarian invasions from the Goths and Huns and Mongols, ruthless wars of aggression and dhimmitude by Ottoman Turks and North African Moors, and persecution by the likes of Maximilian Robespierre, Otto von Bismark, Plutarco Elias Calles, Josef Stalin, Mao Tse Tung and Adolf Hitler. The Church - the Body of Christ, that male child who is to rule all nations with a rod of iron - is still here.

The Democratic Party shall not win. So-called Catholics like Joe Biden, Nancy Pelosi, Tim Kaine, John Kerry, et alias are traitors to the Church and would do well to remember the lesson provided by Phinehas in Numbers 25:6-9:

And behold, one of the people of Israel came and brought a Mid′ianite woman to his family, in the sight of Moses and in the sight of the whole congregation of the people of Israel, while they were weeping at the door of the tent of meeting. When Phin′ehas the son of Elea′zar, son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose and left the congregation, and took a spear in his hand and went after the man of Israel into the inner room, and pierced both of them, the man of Israel and the woman, through her body. Thus the plague was stayed from the people of Israel. Nevertheless those that died by the plague were twenty-four thousand.

Friday, October 21, 2016

Abortion in Secundo Spatio Pregnante

Amici, Americani, Compatriotae,

The following video depicts the process for murdering an unborn child in the second trimester of pregnancy. Nazis who did such things to Jews and other non-Aryans during World War II were tried at Nuremberg after the Allied victory and on being found guilty were hung by their necks till they were dead. Democrats who do such things in these United States not only escape with impunity but are lauded by their wicked nominee of idolatry and depravity, Hillary Rodham Clinton. Democrats will never willingly surrender their depravity of bloody murder in the womb nor their sterile sexual filth in sodomite and lesbian perversion. And the Libertarian and Green Parties are no better, for both Gary Johnson and Jill Stein respectively support "a woman's right to chose" and "marriage equality," both Orwellian euphamisms for baby murdering and sodomy sanctification.


Thursday, October 20, 2016

Factio Americana Solidarietatis

Michael Maturen
ASP Pesidential Candidate
Amici, Americani, Compatriotae,

During the Presidential Debate on the evening of October 19th, I was made aware of the existence of a new political party on the national landscape: The American Solidarity Party (ASP). Its platform is reprinted below. Its candidates for office include the following:

VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE - Juan Muñoz (VP Candidate Acceptance Speech)

That liberal progressive Democrat so-called Catholic Apologist Mark the bombastic hypocrite Shea who defames, vilifies and condemns anything conservative has endorsed Michael Maturen is sufficient for me to disregard this political party and its candidates. Nevertheless, without further ado, here is the ASP platform.


Juan Munoz
ASP VP Candidate
Religion in the Public Square

We acknowledge that the Judeo-Christian worldview has played a positive role in the history and culture of the United States of America. We advocate for laws that allow people of all faiths to practice their religion without intimidation and deplore aggressive secularism that seeks to remove religion from the public sphere.

Economy & Finance

The ASP believes that political economy (economics) is a branch of political ethics. We reject models of economic behavior based on greed and naked self-interest.

To build an economy that is fair, transparent, and democratic, we support models of production and distribution that are local, responsible, and sustainable.

We support the creation of family-owned businesses and worker cooperatives. We oppose regulations designed to inhibit competition from smaller firms.

We call for the repeal of subsidies which encourage urban sprawl and discourage local farming and production.

We advocate a tax shift from earned income (wages and interest) to unearned income (economic rent). We propose to shift the burden of property taxes from buildings and improvements to ground rents.

We call for the direct payment of surplus revenue to the public as a Citizens’ Dividend.

We support the creation of sovereign wealth funds in financial markets.

We call for increased regulation of private pension plans, with greater transparency regarding fees collected by fund managers.

We oppose the privatization of Social Security, and advocate a return to the use of the funds generated from the program to be solely used for the payments out to recipients, rather than the current use of the funds for many purposes.

The ASP regards money and credit as public utilities. We support increased oversight of the banking industry and personal accountability for fraudulent behavior.

We call for amendment of the Federal Reserve Act to enable direct investment in public works.

We support the creation of public investment banks and private credit unions at the state and local levels.

We advocate deflation of the student-debt bubble through partial forgiveness of student loans and restoration of bankruptcy-protection for debtors.

We support stricter controls on consumer credit, including limits on interest and regulation of credit-card companies and payday-loan and title-loan stores.

Health & Welfare

The ASP advocates the replacement of privately-funded health insurance with a decentralized ‘single-payer’ system.

We oppose the privatization of Social Security and other public pension systems.

We oppose the sudden elimination or reduction of income supports such as welfare, food stamps, and unemployment insurance, when no other safety net is in place.

We call for the gradual replacement of needs-based welfare and assistance payments with a Citizens’ Dividend, funded by the collection of unearned income.

The Dignity of Work

The ASP recognizes the right of workers to form associations in pursuit of their economic interests. We oppose union-busting laws that interfere with the relationship between employers and labor organizations.

In the enforcement of anti-trust and consumer-protection laws, we will work to maintain a level playing field between labor, management, and consumers. 

We insist on legal protection for occupational safety and compensation, equal access to employment, good faith in hiring and retention, and paid leave for illness and child-rearing.

Crime

The ASP believes that preventing and punishing crime is an essential public service. We oppose the privatization of law-enforcement and penal institutions.

As public servants, officers of the peace should be held to the highest standards of professionalism. We support the creation of civilian review boards at all levels of law-enforcement. 

We oppose legal requirements in sentencing, such as three-strikes laws, which result in the arbitrary, long-term imprisonment of non-violent criminals.

We support the decriminalization (not the legalization) of recreational drugs. Funds currently expended on the “war on drugs” should be directed toward prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.

We oppose the participation of public agencies in legal vices, such as gambling and the sale of recreational drugs and alcohol. Where gambling is permitted, windfalls should be taxed as a form of unearned income.

We call for more vigorous enforcement of laws against human trafficking.

We support the implementation of the so-called "Nordic model" for dealing with prostitution by imposing stricter and more uniform penalties for the purchase of sex, decriminalizing the selling of sex, and providing viable employment alternatives to those who are exploited as prostitutes.

The ASP regards pornography as a harm to society and opposes the exploitation of human persons that pornography entails.

We call for greater legal responsibility on the part of creditors and vendors for vigilance against fraudulent activity, such as identity theft.

Defense

We call for an end to unilateral military intervention in foreign countries and the closing of US military bases abroad, where these are not required to protect diplomatic missions or to meet explicit treaty obligations. 

We oppose the use of lethal drones against civilian populations in neutral countries.

We condemn the use of torture – by whatever method, for whatever purpose, and by whatever euphemism it may be called – by any representative of the United States or in its interests. Those who participate in or authorize torture should be stripped of position, prosecuted, and punished to the fullest extent of the law.

We call for the prohibition of private arms sales from the United States to foreign countries.

The ASP believes that a less aggressive foreign policy will reduce the threat of terrorism within our borders. In the short term, we call for a review of the effectiveness of centralized and specialized anti-terrorist agencies, such as the TSA.

We call for the repeal of the Patriot Act and the re-instatement of basic civil rights, including the right of citizens to a speedy trial in civilian courts. Secret tribunals (such as the FISA court) must be abolished and military courts returned to their proper role. Foreign non-combatants must not be detained in American facilities or remanded by agents of the U.S. government to foreign prisons.

We oppose government censorship of the media and the internet.

We condemn the indiscriminate and unauthorized collection of data from the phones and computers of American citizens and foreign nationals.

We oppose laws and trade agreements that allow the monitoring of personal internet usage for non-criminal offenses, such as copyright infringement. We call for the periodic destruction of internet histories and other user data collected by internet providers, unless these are specifically required by a court order.

My View

My view is simple:

·        The twin principles of the individual right to life and the non-initiation of force are sacrosanct. When the nation’s laws place those principles first, then both outright physical violence and the covert economic violence of theft in the market place and stock market are proscribed.
·    
     Each person is individually responsible and accountable for the consequences of his actions; government does NOT exist to bail him out of his own folly.
o   “Do not be deceived; God is not mocked, for whatever a man sows, that he will also reap.” Galatians 6:7
·    
     Abortion, sodomy, lesbianism, adultery, fornication, and contraception are proscribed along with murder and theft
·    
            A man is entitled to the fruit of his labor; while taxation to support necessary government function in defense of the common good is necessary and Biblical, appropriation by government without consent for pet causes in the social justice arena is theft from those who earn their wealth to give to those who refuse to work is morally reprehensible.
o   “For the same reason you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. Pay all of them their dues, taxes to whom taxes are due, revenue to whom revenue is due, respect to whom respect is due, honor to whom honor is due.” Romans 13:6-7
o   “For even when we were with you, we gave you this command: If anyone will not work, let him not eat.” 1st Thessalonians 3:10

            A government exists only for the common defense; individual freedom is sovereign and the government is the servant of the people

           The Church NOT government should be doing social justice programs; we cannot abdicate our responsibility and evade our accountability to care for the sick, clothe the naked, feed the hungry and give drink to the thirsty onto Caesar. Furthermore, no matter how many good works we do on this Earth, we cannot create a Heavenly paradise and the poor we shall always have.
o   “Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when did we see thee hungry and feed thee, or thirsty and give thee drink? And when did we see thee a stranger and welcome thee, or naked and clothe thee? And when did we see thee sick or in prison and visit thee?’ And the King will answer them, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brethren, you did it to me.’” Matthew 25:37-40
o   “Render therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s” Matthew 22:21
o   “The poor you always have with you, but you do not always have me.” John 12:8

            The regulatory playing field must be leveled – only those regulations necessary to protect public health and safety should exist. Regulations for medicine, agriculture, transportation, energy, etc. are necessary only insofar as they protect the public from poison, disease, or accident.

            No government handouts should ever be provided for any business or social justice program. Let each man compete fairly in the free market, and let the Church do Her duty in being the sheep who help the helpless instead of the goats who eschew giving such aid.

“Whenever the standard of freedom and independence has been or shall be unfurled, there will be America’s heart, her benedictions and her prayers. But she does not go abroad in search of monsters to destroy. She is the well-wisher to freedom and independence for all. She is the champion and vindicator only of her own. She well knows that by once enlisting other banners of foreign independence, she would involve herself beyond the power of extradition, in all wars of interest and intrigue, of individual avarice, envy and ambition which assume the colors and usurp the standard of freedom….She might become the dictress of the world but would no longer be ruler of her own spirit….Americans should not go abroad to slay dragons they do not understand in the name of spreading democracy.”

__John Quincy Adams__ As Secretary of State 

Wednesday, October 19, 2016

Hillaria Mala

Amici, Americani et Compatriotae,

I cannot withstand watching neither hearing this godless vile idolatrous woman of wickedness and depravity advocate baby murdering and sodomy sanctification. God had the dogs eat the corpse of Jezebel whose eunuchs threw her out of a 2nd floor window because she had righteous Naboth the Jezreelite murdered for his vineyard. What the heck does this witch of bloody murder and sexual perversion think is in store for her?

Livia started out immediately by advocating baby murdering and sodomy sanctification. I despise, loathe, abhor and detest her to the very bottom of the fabric of my being. I had to go into the other room as my Filipina wife continues to watch, fascinated at the low depths to which American politics have sunk. If Livia Drusilla Augusta Caesar is elected, then be prepared to do what the Maccabean brothers did to defend the Jews against the evil Seleucids. Mark my word - persecution will come with her victory. She would be the dictator that that proud feminist Rod Adams at Atomic Insights says is Donald Trump. (As a side note, do male feminists have testicles? Where has their manhood gone?)

I must now stop because I am too agitated. I cannot stop this insanity. I have no control over it. We see being repeated now what happened in ancient Judah and Israel as they rejected the Lord their God, and His response will be the same: attack and subjugation by our enemies. God is NOT a disinterested spectator in the events of human affairs. He will show mercy on unborn babies. Indeed, we always ask that God will have mercy, and His mercy for the innocent will be His justice on the heads of liberal progressive feminists.

Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Evan McMullin pro Praesidentia

Evan McMullin
Amici, Americani et Compatriotae,

As I am learning more about Evan McMullin, I am beginning to think that he is the best out of all the candidates. I am going to discuss the topics which interest me. You may discuss in the comment box those of interest to you.

Democrat Hillary Rodham Clinton is an abortionist and a sodomy sanctifier, and she is ambivalent (agnostic were her words) with respect to nuclear energy.

Republican Donald Trump now states is he pro-life after having been an abortion supporter for years, and he is now silent about sodomite marriage but was once in favor of it. He is a fossil energy enthusiast and like most politicians has zero knowledge of nuclear energy.

Libertarian Gary Johnson is an abortionist and a sodomy sanctifier, and favors leaving the nuclear energy to the fate of the free market.

Green Jill Stein is an abortionist, a sodomy sanctifier, and an anti-nuke.

Constitutionalist Darrell Castle is pro-life and pro-sanctity of marriage, and is silent with respect to nuclear energy but would, based on his principles, leave it to the free market.

Independent Evan McMullin is pro-life. His position on sodomite marriage is not readily available, but based on his Mormon upbringing, he should likewise oppose it. He is silent on nuclear energy, but would likely favor leaving it to the free market.

Darrell Castle
Of all these, only two candidates are remotely acceptable: Darrell Castle and Evan McMullin. Of the political parties that these two represent, Darrell Castle's Constitution Party is the best for its platform which I would encourage the reader to review. And Darrel Castle has a respectable curriculum vitae.

Evan McMullin likewise has espoused reasonable principles which I would encourage the reader to review, and in the same manner has a respectable curriculum vitae, having served in the CIA for 10 years and having been in the House Committee on Foreign Affairs as a senior adviser and later the chief policy director of the House Republican Conference. Of the two, Mr. McMullin appears to be superior, but let the reader decide.

Let the reader beware, however. Clinton, Johnson and Stein all openly support and advocate what the Church has declared are intrinsic evils: abortion and sodomite marriage. While an authentic Christian (Catholic, Orthodox or Protestant) may rationalize in good conscience a vote for Trump based on his promise to appoint conservative Justices to SCOTUS who will support sanctity of life and sanctity of marriage, NO Christian may vote for any of the other three and still claim the title Christian. And because of my Christian conscience, my choice is narrowed to two, Castle and McMullin, of whom I prefer the later.